Reproduction

Fertility investigation of bitches 

We carry out a fertility assessment if bitches have difficulty mating with male dogs, or become pregnant. Our veterinarians perform a clinical examination of the skin to detect anatomical problems, such as malformations. It is suspected that such problems make mating more complicated. When such an examination is carried out, a vaginal smear and/or progesterone sample is often taken. In some cases, ultrasound is used to examine the internal genital organs further. 

Vaginal smear 

A vaginal smear is an examination of the cells in the female's vaginal mucosa. A swab is used and rolled against the vaginal mucosa to collect cells. The best time for vaginal smears is when the bitch is approaching ovulation. The vaginal expression can be used to determine where in the menstrual cycle the bitch is, or for further diagnosis if diseases in the vagina are suspected. 

Progesterone test in bitches 

When a progesterone test is taken, the bitch's blood is examined. The level of progesterone in the blood indicates the most favorable time for mating, which is often several days apart. Incorrect timing of mating is the most common reason why bitches do not become pregnant. 

Measurement of progesterone values

Progesterone will gradually increase from low values ​​in proestrus to somewhat higher in early estrus. This increase will result in a sudden surge of a hormone called LH which in turn results in ovulation. By using progesterone measurements, we can predict with greater certainty the best time for mating.

Fertility assessment of male dogs using a sperm sample 

When examining the fertility of a male dog, a sperm sample (semen sample) is taken to check the quality. Several qualities are assessed under a microscope. This includes appearance, movement and any defects. It is an advantage if there is a female in heat present when the sample is taken, but most male dogs are also able to provide a semen sample without one. 

Also read: Castration of a dog

Mating of dog 

Determining the best time for mating can be challenging, but it is crucial to planning a litter for dogs. When checking the possibilities for mating, a cell sample is taken from the bitch's vagina. This should predict the time of ovulation, but it varies from dog to dog. Therefore, it is difficult to be precise. While ovulation usually occurs from the middle to the end of the period, there can still be wide variations. 

At A-Vet's small animal clinic, we help and advise on the optimal time for mating. We determine the bitch's cycle and do everything we can to ensure a healthy litter of puppies.